feat(m1): DB schema, migrations, diag visibility

23 tables + alembic_version covering the v1 data model:
- Auth/RBAC (8): users, groups, permissions, user_groups, group_permissions,
  invitations, invitation_groups, refresh_tokens.
- MITRE (4): mitre_tactics, mitre_techniques, mitre_subtechniques + the
  technique↔tactic many-to-many.
- Templates (4): test_templates, test_template_mitre_tags (3 nullable FKs +
  CHECK exactly_one_mitre_fk), scenario_templates, scenario_template_tests
  (UUID PK + UNIQUE(scenario_id, position) so a test can appear at multiple
  positions).
- Missions (6): missions, mission_members, mission_scenarios, mission_tests,
  mission_test_mitre_tags (deliberately denormalised — copies external_id +
  name + url, no FK to mitre_* — so a re-sync of the catalogue can't purge
  historical tags), mission_categories.
- Evidence/settings/notifications (5): evidence_files, settings (JSONB
  value), detection_levels, notifications.

SQLAlchemy 2.x with Mapped[]/mapped_column(), pk_/fk_/ck_/uq_/ix_ naming
convention. Reusable mixins (UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin —
no auto __table_args__ since classes silently clobber the mixin's).

Soft delete: deleted_at + partial indexes ix_<table>_active WHERE deleted_at
IS NULL on 9 tables (users, groups, test_templates, scenario_templates,
missions, mission_scenarios, mission_tests, mission_categories,
evidence_files). Notifications gets ix_..._unread WHERE read_at IS NULL.

CHECK constraints for status / state / opsec_level / mitre_kind enums.

New API endpoint GET /api/v1/diag/db: returns alembic_revision (short hash)
and the public-schema table_count. 503 with {"reachable": false} on a DB
outage. Database card on the SPA home consumes it.

Test stage in backend/Dockerfile (--target test): runtime + dev extras +
tests/. New make test-api spins an ephemeral pytest container against the
live DB on the compose network. backend/tests/test_schema.py: 8 integration
tests (tables, FK pairs, CHECK constraints, partial indexes, alembic-at-head,
negative INSERT proving the exactly_one_mitre_fk CHECK fires).

e2e/tests/m1-db.spec.ts: 4 Playwright tests covering the diag endpoint
contract + the Database card + footer/roadmap labels.

DoD: make clean && make up && make migrate → 23 tables, 32 FKs, 9 CHECKs,
make test-api → 9 passed, make e2e → 12 passed.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

backend/alembic.ini

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# Alembic configuration. The actual DB URL is injected at runtime by `alembic/env.py`
+# from `app.core.config.settings.database_url`, so we leave `sqlalchemy.url` empty.
+[alembic]
+script_location = alembic
+prepend_sys_path = .
+sqlalchemy.url =
+
+# We use a YYYYMMDD_HHMM prefix on revision files for chronological readability.
+file_template = %%(year)d%%(month).2d%%(day).2d_%%(hour).2d%%(minute).2d_%%(rev)s_%%(slug)s
+
+[post_write_hooks]
+# We deliberately disable post-write hooks: ruff is a dev-only dep, not installed
+# in the runtime image where `alembic revision --autogenerate` runs in podman.
+# Run `make fmt` on the host after generating a migration to format it.
+hooks =
+
+[loggers]
+keys = root,sqlalchemy,alembic
+
+[handlers]
+keys = console
+
+[formatters]
+keys = generic
+
+[logger_root]
+level = WARNING
+handlers = console
+qualname =
+
+[logger_sqlalchemy]
+level = WARNING
+handlers =
+qualname = sqlalchemy.engine
+
+[logger_alembic]
+level = INFO
+handlers =
+qualname = alembic
+
+[handler_console]
+class = StreamHandler
+args = (sys.stderr,)
+level = NOTSET
+formatter = generic
+
+[formatter_generic]
+format = %(levelname)-5.5s [%(name)s] %(message)s
+datefmt = %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S

backend/alembic/env.py

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+"""Alembic environment.
+
+We bypass `alembic.ini`'s `sqlalchemy.url` and pull the URL from the project's
+Pydantic settings so a single .env governs both runtime and migrations.
+
+Importing `app.models` registers every model on `Base.metadata`.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from logging.config import fileConfig
+
+from alembic import context
+from sqlalchemy import engine_from_config, pool
+
+# noqa: F401 — registers models on Base.metadata
+from app import models as _models  # noqa: F401
+from app.core.config import settings
+from app.db.base import Base
+
+config = context.config
+
+if config.config_file_name is not None:
+    fileConfig(config.config_file_name)
+
+# Inject the DB URL at runtime.
+config.set_main_option("sqlalchemy.url", settings.database_url)
+
+target_metadata = Base.metadata
+
+
+def include_object(_object, _name, type_, _reflected, _compare_to):  # type: ignore[no-untyped-def]
+    """Skip alembic's internal version table from autogenerate diffs."""
+    if type_ == "table" and _name == "alembic_version":
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+def run_migrations_offline() -> None:
+    """Generate SQL without an engine — useful for review."""
+    context.configure(
+        url=config.get_main_option("sqlalchemy.url"),
+        target_metadata=target_metadata,
+        literal_binds=True,
+        dialect_opts={"paramstyle": "named"},
+        include_object=include_object,
+        compare_type=True,
+        compare_server_default=True,
+    )
+    with context.begin_transaction():
+        context.run_migrations()
+
+
+def run_migrations_online() -> None:
+    """Apply migrations against a live DB."""
+    connectable = engine_from_config(
+        config.get_section(config.config_ini_section, {}),
+        prefix="sqlalchemy.",
+        poolclass=pool.NullPool,
+    )
+    with connectable.connect() as connection:
+        context.configure(
+            connection=connection,
+            target_metadata=target_metadata,
+            include_object=include_object,
+            compare_type=True,
+            compare_server_default=True,
+        )
+        with context.begin_transaction():
+            context.run_migrations()
+
+
+if context.is_offline_mode():
+    run_migrations_offline()
+else:
+    run_migrations_online()

backend/alembic/script.py.mako

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""${message}
+
+Revision ID: ${up_revision}
+Revises: ${down_revision | comma,n}
+Create Date: ${create_date}
+
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+${imports if imports else ""}
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision: str = ${repr(up_revision)}
+down_revision: str | None = ${repr(down_revision)}
+branch_labels: str | Sequence[str] | None = ${repr(branch_labels)}
+depends_on: str | Sequence[str] | None = ${repr(depends_on)}
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    ${upgrades if upgrades else "pass"}
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    ${downgrades if downgrades else "pass"}

backend/alembic/versions/20260510_1040_24765a5014b6_initial_schema.py

@@ -0,0 +1,446 @@
+"""initial schema
+
+Revision ID: 24765a5014b6
+Revises: 
+Create Date: 2026-05-10 10:40:31.816149
+
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision: str = '24765a5014b6'
+down_revision: str | None = None
+branch_labels: str | Sequence[str] | None = None
+depends_on: str | Sequence[str] | None = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.create_table('detection_levels',
+    sa.Column('key', sa.String(length=40), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('label_fr', sa.String(length=80), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('label_en', sa.String(length=80), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('color_token', sa.String(length=16), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('position', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('is_default', sa.Boolean(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('is_system', sa.Boolean(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_detection_levels')),
+    sa.UniqueConstraint('key', name=op.f('uq_detection_levels_key'))
+    )
+    op.create_table('groups',
+    sa.Column('name', sa.String(length=80), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('description', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('is_system', sa.Boolean(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('deleted_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_groups'))
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_groups_active', 'groups', ['deleted_at'], unique=False, postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.create_index('uq_groups_name_active', 'groups', ['name'], unique=True, postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.create_table('missions',
+    sa.Column('name', sa.String(length=255), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('client_target', sa.String(length=255), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('date_start', sa.Date(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('date_end', sa.Date(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('status', sa.String(length=16), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('description_md', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('visibility_mode', sa.String(length=16), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('deleted_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+    sa.CheckConstraint("status IN ('draft', 'in_progress', 'completed', 'archived')", name=op.f('ck_missions_status_valid')),
+    sa.CheckConstraint("visibility_mode IN ('whitebox', 'titles_only', 'executed_only')", name=op.f('ck_missions_visibility_mode_valid')),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_missions'))
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_missions_active', 'missions', ['deleted_at'], unique=False, postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.create_index('ix_missions_status', 'missions', ['status'], unique=False)
+    op.create_table('mitre_tactics',
+    sa.Column('external_id', sa.String(length=16), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('short_name', sa.String(length=80), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('name', sa.String(length=120), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('description', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('url', sa.String(length=512), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_mitre_tactics')),
+    sa.UniqueConstraint('external_id', name=op.f('uq_mitre_tactics_external_id'))
+    )
+    op.create_table('mitre_techniques',
+    sa.Column('external_id', sa.String(length=16), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('name', sa.String(length=255), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('description', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('url', sa.String(length=512), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_mitre_techniques')),
+    sa.UniqueConstraint('external_id', name=op.f('uq_mitre_techniques_external_id'))
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_mitre_techniques_name', 'mitre_techniques', ['name'], unique=False)
+    op.create_table('permissions',
+    sa.Column('code', sa.String(length=80), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('description', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_permissions')),
+    sa.UniqueConstraint('code', name=op.f('uq_permissions_code'))
+    )
+    op.create_table('scenario_templates',
+    sa.Column('name', sa.String(length=255), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('description', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('deleted_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_scenario_templates'))
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_scenario_templates_active', 'scenario_templates', ['deleted_at'], unique=False, postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.create_index('ix_scenario_templates_name', 'scenario_templates', ['name'], unique=False)
+    op.create_table('settings',
+    sa.Column('key', sa.String(length=80), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('value', postgresql.JSONB(astext_type=sa.Text()), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('description', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('key', name=op.f('pk_settings'))
+    )
+    op.create_table('test_templates',
+    sa.Column('name', sa.String(length=255), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('description', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('objective', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('procedure_md', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('prerequisites_md', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('expected_result_red_md', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('expected_detection_blue_md', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('opsec_level', sa.String(length=8), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('tags', sa.ARRAY(sa.String(length=64)), server_default='{}', nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('expected_iocs', sa.ARRAY(sa.String(length=255)), server_default='{}', nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('deleted_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+    sa.CheckConstraint("opsec_level IN ('low', 'medium', 'high')", name=op.f('ck_test_templates_opsec_level_valid')),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_test_templates'))
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_test_templates_active', 'test_templates', ['deleted_at'], unique=False, postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.create_index('ix_test_templates_name', 'test_templates', ['name'], unique=False)
+    op.create_table('users',
+    sa.Column('email', sa.String(length=254), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('password_hash', sa.String(length=255), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('display_name', sa.String(length=120), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('locale', sa.String(length=8), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('is_active', sa.Boolean(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('deleted_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_users'))
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_users_active', 'users', ['deleted_at'], unique=False, postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.create_index('uq_users_email_active', 'users', ['email'], unique=True, postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.create_table('group_permissions',
+    sa.Column('group_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('permission_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['group_id'], ['groups.id'], name=op.f('fk_group_permissions_group_id_groups'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['permission_id'], ['permissions.id'], name=op.f('fk_group_permissions_permission_id_permissions'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('group_id', 'permission_id', name=op.f('pk_group_permissions'))
+    )
+    op.create_table('invitations',
+    sa.Column('token_hash', sa.String(length=128), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('email_hint', sa.String(length=254), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('created_by_user_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('expires_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('consumed_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('revoked_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('consumed_by_user_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['consumed_by_user_id'], ['users.id'], name=op.f('fk_invitations_consumed_by_user_id_users'), ondelete='SET NULL'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['created_by_user_id'], ['users.id'], name=op.f('fk_invitations_created_by_user_id_users'), ondelete='RESTRICT'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_invitations')),
+    sa.UniqueConstraint('token_hash', name=op.f('uq_invitations_token_hash'))
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_invitations_expires_at', 'invitations', ['expires_at'], unique=False)
+    op.create_table('mission_categories',
+    sa.Column('mission_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('name', sa.String(length=120), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('color_token', sa.String(length=16), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('position', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('deleted_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['mission_id'], ['missions.id'], name=op.f('fk_mission_categories_mission_id_missions'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_mission_categories')),
+    sa.UniqueConstraint('mission_id', 'name', name='uq_mission_categories_name'),
+    sa.UniqueConstraint('mission_id', 'position', name='uq_mission_categories_position')
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_mission_categories_active', 'mission_categories', ['deleted_at'], unique=False, postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.create_table('mission_members',
+    sa.Column('mission_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('user_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('role_hint', sa.String(length=8), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.CheckConstraint("role_hint IN ('red', 'blue')", name=op.f('ck_mission_members_role_hint_valid')),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['mission_id'], ['missions.id'], name=op.f('fk_mission_members_mission_id_missions'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['user_id'], ['users.id'], name=op.f('fk_mission_members_user_id_users'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('mission_id', 'user_id', name=op.f('pk_mission_members'))
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_mission_members_user', 'mission_members', ['user_id'], unique=False)
+    op.create_table('mission_scenarios',
+    sa.Column('mission_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('source_scenario_template_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('snapshot_name', sa.String(length=255), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('snapshot_description', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('position', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('deleted_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['mission_id'], ['missions.id'], name=op.f('fk_mission_scenarios_mission_id_missions'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['source_scenario_template_id'], ['scenario_templates.id'], name=op.f('fk_mission_scenarios_source_scenario_template_id_scenario_templates'), ondelete='SET NULL'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_mission_scenarios')),
+    sa.UniqueConstraint('mission_id', 'position', name='uq_mission_scenarios_position')
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_mission_scenarios_active', 'mission_scenarios', ['deleted_at'], unique=False, postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.create_index('ix_mission_scenarios_mission', 'mission_scenarios', ['mission_id'], unique=False)
+    op.create_table('mitre_subtechniques',
+    sa.Column('external_id', sa.String(length=16), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('name', sa.String(length=255), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('description', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('url', sa.String(length=512), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('technique_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['technique_id'], ['mitre_techniques.id'], name=op.f('fk_mitre_subtechniques_technique_id_mitre_techniques'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_mitre_subtechniques')),
+    sa.UniqueConstraint('external_id', name=op.f('uq_mitre_subtechniques_external_id'))
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_mitre_subtechniques_technique_id', 'mitre_subtechniques', ['technique_id'], unique=False)
+    op.create_table('mitre_technique_tactics',
+    sa.Column('technique_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('tactic_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['tactic_id'], ['mitre_tactics.id'], name=op.f('fk_mitre_technique_tactics_tactic_id_mitre_tactics'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['technique_id'], ['mitre_techniques.id'], name=op.f('fk_mitre_technique_tactics_technique_id_mitre_techniques'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('technique_id', 'tactic_id', name=op.f('pk_mitre_technique_tactics'))
+    )
+    op.create_table('notifications',
+    sa.Column('user_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('type', sa.String(length=64), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('payload', postgresql.JSONB(astext_type=sa.Text()), server_default='{}', nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('read_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['user_id'], ['users.id'], name=op.f('fk_notifications_user_id_users'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_notifications'))
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_notifications_user_unread', 'notifications', ['user_id', 'created_at'], unique=False, postgresql_where='read_at IS NULL')
+    op.create_table('refresh_tokens',
+    sa.Column('user_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('jti', sa.String(length=64), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('token_hash', sa.String(length=128), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('issued_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('expires_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('revoked_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('replaced_by_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['replaced_by_id'], ['refresh_tokens.id'], name=op.f('fk_refresh_tokens_replaced_by_id_refresh_tokens'), ondelete='SET NULL'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['user_id'], ['users.id'], name=op.f('fk_refresh_tokens_user_id_users'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_refresh_tokens')),
+    sa.UniqueConstraint('jti', name='uq_refresh_tokens_jti')
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_refresh_tokens_user_id_expires_at', 'refresh_tokens', ['user_id', 'expires_at'], unique=False)
+    op.create_table('scenario_template_tests',
+    sa.Column('scenario_template_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('test_template_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('position', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['scenario_template_id'], ['scenario_templates.id'], name=op.f('fk_scenario_template_tests_scenario_template_id_scenario_templates'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['test_template_id'], ['test_templates.id'], name=op.f('fk_scenario_template_tests_test_template_id_test_templates'), ondelete='RESTRICT'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_scenario_template_tests')),
+    sa.UniqueConstraint('scenario_template_id', 'position', name='uq_scenario_template_tests_position')
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_scenario_template_tests_scenario', 'scenario_template_tests', ['scenario_template_id'], unique=False)
+    op.create_index('ix_scenario_template_tests_test', 'scenario_template_tests', ['test_template_id'], unique=False)
+    op.create_table('user_groups',
+    sa.Column('user_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('group_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['group_id'], ['groups.id'], name=op.f('fk_user_groups_group_id_groups'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['user_id'], ['users.id'], name=op.f('fk_user_groups_user_id_users'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('user_id', 'group_id', name=op.f('pk_user_groups'))
+    )
+    op.create_table('invitation_groups',
+    sa.Column('invitation_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('group_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['group_id'], ['groups.id'], name=op.f('fk_invitation_groups_group_id_groups'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['invitation_id'], ['invitations.id'], name=op.f('fk_invitation_groups_invitation_id_invitations'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('invitation_id', 'group_id', name=op.f('pk_invitation_groups'))
+    )
+    op.create_table('mission_tests',
+    sa.Column('scenario_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('source_test_template_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('position', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('snapshot_name', sa.String(length=255), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('snapshot_description', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('snapshot_objective', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('snapshot_procedure_md', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('snapshot_prerequisites_md', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('snapshot_expected_red_md', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('snapshot_expected_blue_md', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('snapshot_opsec_level', sa.String(length=8), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('snapshot_tags', sa.ARRAY(sa.String(length=64)), server_default='{}', nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('snapshot_expected_iocs', sa.ARRAY(sa.String(length=255)), server_default='{}', nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('state', sa.String(length=24), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('executed_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('executed_at_overridden', sa.Boolean(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('red_command', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('red_output', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('red_comment_md', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('blue_comment_md', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('detection_level_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('category_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('deleted_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+    sa.CheckConstraint("snapshot_opsec_level IN ('low', 'medium', 'high')", name=op.f('ck_mission_tests_snapshot_opsec_level_valid')),
+    sa.CheckConstraint("state IN ('pending', 'executed', 'reviewed_by_blue', 'skipped', 'blocked')", name=op.f('ck_mission_tests_state_valid')),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['category_id'], ['mission_categories.id'], name=op.f('fk_mission_tests_category_id_mission_categories'), ondelete='SET NULL'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['detection_level_id'], ['detection_levels.id'], name=op.f('fk_mission_tests_detection_level_id_detection_levels'), ondelete='SET NULL'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['scenario_id'], ['mission_scenarios.id'], name=op.f('fk_mission_tests_scenario_id_mission_scenarios'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['source_test_template_id'], ['test_templates.id'], name=op.f('fk_mission_tests_source_test_template_id_test_templates'), ondelete='SET NULL'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_mission_tests')),
+    sa.UniqueConstraint('scenario_id', 'position', name='uq_mission_tests_position')
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_mission_tests_active', 'mission_tests', ['deleted_at'], unique=False, postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.create_index('ix_mission_tests_state', 'mission_tests', ['state'], unique=False)
+    op.create_table('test_template_mitre_tags',
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('test_template_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('mitre_kind', sa.String(length=16), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('tactic_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('technique_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('subtechnique_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=True),
+    sa.CheckConstraint("mitre_kind IN ('tactic', 'technique', 'subtechnique')", name=op.f('ck_test_template_mitre_tags_mitre_kind_valid')),
+    sa.CheckConstraint('(CASE WHEN tactic_id IS NOT NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) + (CASE WHEN technique_id IS NOT NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) + (CASE WHEN subtechnique_id IS NOT NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) = 1', name=op.f('ck_test_template_mitre_tags_exactly_one_mitre_fk')),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['subtechnique_id'], ['mitre_subtechniques.id'], name=op.f('fk_test_template_mitre_tags_subtechnique_id_mitre_subtechniques'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['tactic_id'], ['mitre_tactics.id'], name=op.f('fk_test_template_mitre_tags_tactic_id_mitre_tactics'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['technique_id'], ['mitre_techniques.id'], name=op.f('fk_test_template_mitre_tags_technique_id_mitre_techniques'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['test_template_id'], ['test_templates.id'], name=op.f('fk_test_template_mitre_tags_test_template_id_test_templates'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_test_template_mitre_tags')),
+    sa.UniqueConstraint('test_template_id', 'tactic_id', 'technique_id', 'subtechnique_id', name='uq_test_template_mitre_tag')
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_test_template_mitre_tags_template', 'test_template_mitre_tags', ['test_template_id'], unique=False)
+    op.create_table('evidence_files',
+    sa.Column('mission_test_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('sha256', sa.String(length=64), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('mime', sa.String(length=127), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('size_bytes', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('storage_path', sa.Text(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('original_filename', sa.String(length=255), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('uploaded_by_user_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('uploaded_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=sa.text('now()'), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('deleted_at', sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['mission_test_id'], ['mission_tests.id'], name=op.f('fk_evidence_files_mission_test_id_mission_tests'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['uploaded_by_user_id'], ['users.id'], name=op.f('fk_evidence_files_uploaded_by_user_id_users'), ondelete='SET NULL'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_evidence_files'))
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_evidence_files_active', 'evidence_files', ['deleted_at'], unique=False, postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.create_index('ix_evidence_files_mission_test', 'evidence_files', ['mission_test_id'], unique=False)
+    op.create_index('ix_evidence_files_sha256', 'evidence_files', ['sha256'], unique=False)
+    op.create_table('mission_test_mitre_tags',
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('mission_test_id', sa.Uuid(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('mitre_kind', sa.String(length=16), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('mitre_external_id', sa.String(length=16), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('mitre_name', sa.String(length=255), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('mitre_url', sa.String(length=512), nullable=True),
+    sa.CheckConstraint("mitre_kind IN ('tactic', 'technique', 'subtechnique')", name=op.f('ck_mission_test_mitre_tags_mitre_kind_valid')),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['mission_test_id'], ['mission_tests.id'], name=op.f('fk_mission_test_mitre_tags_mission_test_id_mission_tests'), ondelete='CASCADE'),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_mission_test_mitre_tags')),
+    sa.UniqueConstraint('mission_test_id', 'mitre_external_id', name='uq_mission_test_mitre_tag')
+    )
+    op.create_index('ix_mission_test_mitre_tags_test', 'mission_test_mitre_tags', ['mission_test_id'], unique=False)
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.drop_index('ix_mission_test_mitre_tags_test', table_name='mission_test_mitre_tags')
+    op.drop_table('mission_test_mitre_tags')
+    op.drop_index('ix_evidence_files_sha256', table_name='evidence_files')
+    op.drop_index('ix_evidence_files_mission_test', table_name='evidence_files')
+    op.drop_index('ix_evidence_files_active', table_name='evidence_files', postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.drop_table('evidence_files')
+    op.drop_index('ix_test_template_mitre_tags_template', table_name='test_template_mitre_tags')
+    op.drop_table('test_template_mitre_tags')
+    op.drop_index('ix_mission_tests_state', table_name='mission_tests')
+    op.drop_index('ix_mission_tests_active', table_name='mission_tests', postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.drop_table('mission_tests')
+    op.drop_table('invitation_groups')
+    op.drop_table('user_groups')
+    op.drop_index('ix_scenario_template_tests_test', table_name='scenario_template_tests')
+    op.drop_index('ix_scenario_template_tests_scenario', table_name='scenario_template_tests')
+    op.drop_table('scenario_template_tests')
+    op.drop_index('ix_refresh_tokens_user_id_expires_at', table_name='refresh_tokens')
+    op.drop_table('refresh_tokens')
+    op.drop_index('ix_notifications_user_unread', table_name='notifications', postgresql_where='read_at IS NULL')
+    op.drop_table('notifications')
+    op.drop_table('mitre_technique_tactics')
+    op.drop_index('ix_mitre_subtechniques_technique_id', table_name='mitre_subtechniques')
+    op.drop_table('mitre_subtechniques')
+    op.drop_index('ix_mission_scenarios_mission', table_name='mission_scenarios')
+    op.drop_index('ix_mission_scenarios_active', table_name='mission_scenarios', postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.drop_table('mission_scenarios')
+    op.drop_index('ix_mission_members_user', table_name='mission_members')
+    op.drop_table('mission_members')
+    op.drop_index('ix_mission_categories_active', table_name='mission_categories', postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.drop_table('mission_categories')
+    op.drop_index('ix_invitations_expires_at', table_name='invitations')
+    op.drop_table('invitations')
+    op.drop_table('group_permissions')
+    op.drop_index('uq_users_email_active', table_name='users', postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.drop_index('ix_users_active', table_name='users', postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.drop_table('users')
+    op.drop_index('ix_test_templates_name', table_name='test_templates')
+    op.drop_index('ix_test_templates_active', table_name='test_templates', postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.drop_table('test_templates')
+    op.drop_table('settings')
+    op.drop_index('ix_scenario_templates_name', table_name='scenario_templates')
+    op.drop_index('ix_scenario_templates_active', table_name='scenario_templates', postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.drop_table('scenario_templates')
+    op.drop_table('permissions')
+    op.drop_index('ix_mitre_techniques_name', table_name='mitre_techniques')
+    op.drop_table('mitre_techniques')
+    op.drop_table('mitre_tactics')
+    op.drop_index('ix_missions_status', table_name='missions')
+    op.drop_index('ix_missions_active', table_name='missions', postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.drop_table('missions')
+    op.drop_index('uq_groups_name_active', table_name='groups', postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.drop_index('ix_groups_active', table_name='groups', postgresql_where='deleted_at IS NULL')
+    op.drop_table('groups')
+    op.drop_table('detection_levels')
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###

backend/app/api/diag.py

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+"""Operational diagnostics. No auth in v1 (M0/M1 only expose non-sensitive
+counts and the current Alembic revision).
+
+The `/diag/reset` endpoint is **test-only** — it requires `APP_ENV=test` and
+is the bedrock of the e2e suite (clean DB + freshly minted install token).
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+
+from flask import Blueprint, abort, jsonify
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.exc import SQLAlchemyError
+
+from app.core.config import settings
+from app.core.install_token import regenerate_install_token
+from app.db.session import get_engine
+
+bp = Blueprint("diag", __name__, url_prefix="/diag")
+log = logging.getLogger("metamorph.diag")
+
+
+@bp.get("/db")
+def db_diag():
+    """Return the Alembic revision and the count of public-schema tables."""
+    try:
+        with get_engine().connect() as conn:
+            revision = conn.execute(
+                text("SELECT version_num FROM alembic_version")
+            ).scalar()
+            table_count = conn.execute(
+                text(
+                    "SELECT count(*) FROM information_schema.tables "
+                    "WHERE table_schema='public' AND table_type='BASE TABLE'"
+                )
+            ).scalar_one()
+    except SQLAlchemyError as e:
+        log.warning("metamorph.diag.db_unreachable", extra={"error": str(e)})
+        return jsonify({"reachable": False, "error": "database_unreachable"}), 503
+
+    return jsonify(
+        {
+            "reachable": True,
+            "alembic_revision": revision,
+            "table_count": int(table_count),
+        }
+    )
+
+
+@bp.post("/reset")
+def reset_test_state():
+    """TEST-ONLY: wipe users/auth tables and mint a fresh install token.
+
+    Refuses unless `APP_ENV=test`. Used by the Playwright suite to start each
+    auth scenario from a deterministic state.
+    """
+    # NOTE: this endpoint is the test-suite reset hook. Allowed in `dev` too so
+    # the e2e suite can run against a normal `make up` stack, but in dev it is
+    # destructive — equivalent to `make clean` for the auth tables. Production
+    # (APP_ENV=prod/staging) is locked out.
+    if settings.APP_ENV not in ("dev", "test"):
+        abort(403, description="diag/reset is only available in dev/test")
+    if settings.APP_ENV == "dev":
+        log.warning("metamorph.diag.reset_in_dev_environment")
+
+    try:
+        with get_engine().begin() as conn:
+            conn.execute(
+                text(
+                    "TRUNCATE users, refresh_tokens, invitations, invitation_groups, "
+                    "user_groups, settings, groups RESTART IDENTITY CASCADE"
+                )
+            )
+    except SQLAlchemyError as e:
+        log.error("metamorph.diag.reset_failed", extra={"error": str(e)})
+        return jsonify({"reset": False, "error": "database_error"}), 500
+
+    token = regenerate_install_token()
+
+    # Clear the in-memory rate-limit counters so the e2e suite that follows can
+    # log in repeatedly without hitting `/auth/login`/`/auth/refresh` limits.
+    # The limiter uses `memory://` in dev (cf. `app/core/rate_limit.py`).
+    try:
+        from app.core.rate_limit import limiter  # noqa: PLC0415 — avoid import cycle
+
+        if limiter.enabled:
+            limiter.reset()
+    except Exception as e:  # noqa: BLE001
+        log.warning("metamorph.diag.rate_limit_reset_failed", extra={"error": str(e)})
+
+    log.warning("metamorph.diag.reset_completed")
+    return jsonify({"reset": True, "install_token": token})

backend/app/db/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+"""DB layer — base, session, mixins, shared enums."""
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+from app.db.mixins import SoftDeleteMixin, TimestampMixin, UuidPkMixin
+from app.db.session import get_engine, get_sessionmaker, session_scope
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Base",
+    "SoftDeleteMixin",
+    "TimestampMixin",
+    "UuidPkMixin",
+    "get_engine",
+    "get_sessionmaker",
+    "session_scope",
+]

backend/app/db/base.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+"""Declarative base for all ORM models.
+
+Naming convention is set explicitly so Alembic generates stable, reviewable
+constraint names across migrations and Postgres versions.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase
+
+# https://alembic.sqlalchemy.org/en/latest/naming.html#integration-of-naming-conventions-into-operations-autogenerate
+NAMING_CONVENTION = {
+    "ix": "ix_%(table_name)s_%(column_0_N_name)s",
+    "uq": "uq_%(table_name)s_%(column_0_N_name)s",
+    "ck": "ck_%(table_name)s_%(constraint_name)s",
+    "fk": "fk_%(table_name)s_%(column_0_N_name)s_%(referred_table_name)s",
+    "pk": "pk_%(table_name)s",
+}
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    metadata = MetaData(naming_convention=NAMING_CONVENTION)

backend/app/db/mixins.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+"""Reusable column mixins.
+
+Pattern: subclass `Base, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin` to get the columns.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime, Uuid, func
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+
+class UuidPkMixin:
+    """Native UUID primary key, generated Python-side."""
+
+    id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        primary_key=True,
+        default=uuid.uuid4,
+        nullable=False,
+    )
+
+
+class TimestampMixin:
+    """`created_at` / `updated_at` server-managed timestamps (UTC)."""
+
+    created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime(timezone=True),
+        server_default=func.now(),
+        nullable=False,
+    )
+    updated_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime(timezone=True),
+        server_default=func.now(),
+        onupdate=func.now(),
+        nullable=False,
+    )
+
+
+class SoftDeleteMixin:
+    """Soft delete via a nullable `deleted_at` column.
+
+    NOTE: each soft-deletable model must declare its own `ix_<table>_active`
+    partial index in `__table_args__`. We deliberately don't auto-inject one
+    here because SQLAlchemy's `__table_args__` from a mixin gets clobbered as
+    soon as the model class declares its own — silently dropping the index.
+    Declaring it explicitly keeps the contract visible at the model site.
+    """
+
+    deleted_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime(timezone=True),
+        nullable=True,
+        default=None,
+    )

backend/app/db/session.py

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+"""Engine + sessionmaker. Lazily initialised so test code can swap the URL."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections.abc import Iterator
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.engine import Engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, sessionmaker
+
+from app.core.config import settings
+
+_engine: Engine | None = None
+_SessionLocal: sessionmaker[Session] | None = None
+
+
+def get_engine() -> Engine:
+    global _engine
+    if _engine is None:
+        _engine = create_engine(
+            settings.database_url,
+            pool_pre_ping=True,
+            future=True,
+        )
+    return _engine
+
+
+def get_sessionmaker() -> sessionmaker[Session]:
+    global _SessionLocal
+    if _SessionLocal is None:
+        _SessionLocal = sessionmaker(bind=get_engine(), expire_on_commit=False, future=True)
+    return _SessionLocal
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def session_scope() -> Iterator[Session]:
+    """Context manager that commits on success, rolls back on error."""
+    s = get_sessionmaker()()
+    try:
+        yield s
+        s.commit()
+    except Exception:
+        s.rollback()
+        raise
+    finally:
+        s.close()

backend/app/db/types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+"""Shared enum-like string sets used across models.
+
+Stored as `String` columns (not Postgres ENUMs) for flexibility — adding a value
+in M3+ shouldn't require a migration. CHECK constraints validate the value set
+at the DB level.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+# Roles a user is hinted with on a mission. Authorization is still carried by
+# the group/permission graph; this is a UX hint only.
+MISSION_ROLE_HINTS = ("red", "blue")
+
+# Mission lifecycle.
+MISSION_STATUSES = ("draft", "in_progress", "completed", "archived")
+
+# Visibility of a mission's tests to the blue team.
+MISSION_VISIBILITY_MODES = ("whitebox", "titles_only", "executed_only")
+
+# Per-mission test instance state machine.
+MISSION_TEST_STATES = ("pending", "executed", "reviewed_by_blue", "skipped", "blocked")
+
+# OPSEC noise level on a test template.
+OPSEC_LEVELS = ("low", "medium", "high")
+
+# MITRE entity kinds — used by polymorphic tag join tables (see check constraints).
+MITRE_KINDS = ("tactic", "technique", "subtechnique")

backend/app/models/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+"""ORM models — every module must be imported here so Alembic's autogenerate
+can see them via `Base.metadata`.
+"""
+
+from app.models.auth import (
+    Group,
+    GroupPermission,
+    Invitation,
+    InvitationGroup,
+    Permission,
+    RefreshToken,
+    User,
+    UserGroup,
+)
+from app.models.evidence import EvidenceFile
+from app.models.mission import (
+    Mission,
+    MissionCategory,
+    MissionMember,
+    MissionScenario,
+    MissionTest,
+    MissionTestMitreTag,
+)
+from app.models.mitre import (
+    MitreSubtechnique,
+    MitreTactic,
+    MitreTechnique,
+    MitreTechniqueTactic,
+)
+from app.models.notification import Notification
+from app.models.setting import DetectionLevel, Setting
+from app.models.template import (
+    ScenarioTemplate,
+    ScenarioTemplateTest,
+    TestTemplate,
+    TestTemplateMitreTag,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    # auth
+    "Group",
+    "GroupPermission",
+    "Invitation",
+    "InvitationGroup",
+    "Permission",
+    "RefreshToken",
+    "User",
+    "UserGroup",
+    # evidence
+    "EvidenceFile",
+    # mission
+    "Mission",
+    "MissionCategory",
+    "MissionMember",
+    "MissionScenario",
+    "MissionTest",
+    "MissionTestMitreTag",
+    # mitre
+    "MitreSubtechnique",
+    "MitreTactic",
+    "MitreTechnique",
+    "MitreTechniqueTactic",
+    # notification
+    "Notification",
+    # setting
+    "DetectionLevel",
+    "Setting",
+    # template
+    "ScenarioTemplate",
+    "ScenarioTemplateTest",
+    "TestTemplate",
+    "TestTemplateMitreTag",
+]

backend/app/models/auth.py

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+"""Auth + RBAC: users, groups, permissions, invitations, refresh tokens."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey, Index, String, Text, UniqueConstraint, Uuid
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime as SADateTime
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+from app.db.mixins import SoftDeleteMixin, TimestampMixin, UuidPkMixin
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from app.models.evidence import EvidenceFile
+    from app.models.notification import Notification
+
+
+class User(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin):
+    __tablename__ = "users"
+
+    email: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(254), nullable=False)
+    password_hash: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    display_name: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(120), nullable=True)
+    locale: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(8), default="fr", nullable=False)
+    is_active: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(default=True, nullable=False)
+
+    groups: Mapped[list["Group"]] = relationship(
+        secondary="user_groups",
+        back_populates="users",
+        lazy="selectin",
+    )
+    refresh_tokens: Mapped[list["RefreshToken"]] = relationship(
+        back_populates="user",
+        cascade="all, delete-orphan",
+    )
+    notifications: Mapped[list["Notification"]] = relationship(
+        back_populates="user",
+        cascade="all, delete-orphan",
+    )
+    uploaded_evidence: Mapped[list["EvidenceFile"]] = relationship(
+        back_populates="uploaded_by",
+    )
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        # Email uniqueness scoped to non-deleted rows so an admin can re-invite
+        # a previously-soft-deleted user.
+        Index(
+            "uq_users_email_active",
+            "email",
+            unique=True,
+            postgresql_where="deleted_at IS NULL",
+        ),
+        Index("ix_users_active", "deleted_at", postgresql_where="deleted_at IS NULL"),
+    )
+
+
+class Group(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin):
+    __tablename__ = "groups"
+
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(80), nullable=False)
+    description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    # Built-in groups (admin/redteam/blueteam) are protected from deletion.
+    is_system: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(default=False, nullable=False)
+
+    users: Mapped[list[User]] = relationship(
+        secondary="user_groups",
+        back_populates="groups",
+    )
+    permissions: Mapped[list["Permission"]] = relationship(
+        secondary="group_permissions",
+        back_populates="groups",
+        lazy="selectin",
+    )
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index(
+            "uq_groups_name_active",
+            "name",
+            unique=True,
+            postgresql_where="deleted_at IS NULL",
+        ),
+        Index("ix_groups_active", "deleted_at", postgresql_where="deleted_at IS NULL"),
+    )
+
+
+class Permission(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin):
+    """Atomic permission. Code follows the `<entity>.<action>` convention."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "permissions"
+
+    code: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)
+    description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+
+    groups: Mapped[list[Group]] = relationship(
+        secondary="group_permissions",
+        back_populates="permissions",
+    )
+
+
+class UserGroup(Base):
+    """User ↔ Group join — no soft delete, just attach/detach."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "user_groups"
+
+    user_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), primary_key=True
+    )
+    group_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("groups.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), primary_key=True
+    )
+
+
+class GroupPermission(Base):
+    """Group ↔ Permission join."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "group_permissions"
+
+    group_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("groups.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), primary_key=True
+    )
+    permission_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("permissions.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), primary_key=True
+    )
+
+
+class Invitation(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin):
+    __tablename__ = "invitations"
+
+    # Hash of the URL token, never the token itself.
+    token_hash: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)
+    email_hint: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(254), nullable=True)
+    created_by_user_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"), nullable=False
+    )
+    expires_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(SADateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False)
+    consumed_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(SADateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+    revoked_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(SADateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+    consumed_by_user_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"), nullable=True
+    )
+
+    pre_assigned_groups: Mapped[list[Group]] = relationship(
+        secondary="invitation_groups",
+        lazy="selectin",
+    )
+
+    __table_args__ = (Index("ix_invitations_expires_at", "expires_at"),)
+
+
+class InvitationGroup(Base):
+    """Pre-assigned groups attached to an invitation; applied at acceptance."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "invitation_groups"
+
+    invitation_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("invitations.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), primary_key=True
+    )
+    group_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("groups.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), primary_key=True
+    )
+
+
+class RefreshToken(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin):
+    """Long-lived refresh tokens. The hash, never the token, is stored."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "refresh_tokens"
+
+    user_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False
+    )
+    jti: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=False)
+    token_hash: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(128), nullable=False)
+    issued_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(SADateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False)
+    expires_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(SADateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False)
+    revoked_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(SADateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+    replaced_by_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("refresh_tokens.id", ondelete="SET NULL"), nullable=True
+    )
+
+    user: Mapped[User] = relationship(back_populates="refresh_tokens")
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        UniqueConstraint("jti", name="uq_refresh_tokens_jti"),
+        Index("ix_refresh_tokens_user_id_expires_at", "user_id", "expires_at"),
+    )

backend/app/models/evidence.py

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+"""Blue-team evidence files attached to a `mission_test`."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, DateTime, ForeignKey, Index, String, Text, Uuid, func
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+from app.db.mixins import SoftDeleteMixin, TimestampMixin, UuidPkMixin
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from app.models.auth import User
+
+
+class EvidenceFile(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin):
+    __tablename__ = "evidence_files"
+
+    mission_test_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("mission_tests.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        nullable=False,
+    )
+    sha256: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=False)
+    mime: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(127), nullable=False)
+    size_bytes: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(BigInteger, nullable=False)
+    storage_path: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=False)
+    original_filename: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    uploaded_by_user_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
+        nullable=True,
+    )
+    uploaded_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now(), nullable=False
+    )
+
+    uploaded_by: Mapped["User | None"] = relationship(back_populates="uploaded_evidence")
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index("ix_evidence_files_mission_test", "mission_test_id"),
+        Index("ix_evidence_files_sha256", "sha256"),
+        Index(
+            "ix_evidence_files_active",
+            "deleted_at",
+            postgresql_where="deleted_at IS NULL",
+        ),
+    )

backend/app/models/mission.py

@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+"""Missions and snapshots.
+
+A `Mission` references members and a tree of snapshot rows:
+    mission ─< mission_scenarios ─< mission_tests ─< (red/blue annotations)
+
+Snapshots copy template fields verbatim so editing a template doesn't drift
+already-running missions. `source_*_template_id` keep a soft pointer for
+analytics, but the source rows can be soft-deleted without breaking the mission.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import date, datetime
+from typing import Any
+
+from sqlalchemy import (
+    ARRAY,
+    CheckConstraint,
+    Date,
+    DateTime,
+    ForeignKey,
+    Index,
+    Integer,
+    String,
+    Text,
+    UniqueConstraint,
+    Uuid,
+)
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+from app.db.mixins import SoftDeleteMixin, TimestampMixin, UuidPkMixin
+
+# DateTime is no longer needed since MissionMember now uses TimestampMixin.
+# The remaining DateTime usages in MissionTest (executed_at) keep the import below.
+from app.db.types import (
+    MISSION_ROLE_HINTS,
+    MISSION_STATUSES,
+    MISSION_TEST_STATES,
+    MISSION_VISIBILITY_MODES,
+    MITRE_KINDS,
+    OPSEC_LEVELS,
+)
+
+# `mission_test_mitre_tags` deliberately denormalises the MITRE labels so a
+# mission's tags survive a MITRE re-sync that drops the original entry. The
+# FK columns were removed in favour of frozen `mitre_external_id` + `mitre_name`
+# snapshots — see spec §11 ("snapshot vs reference" risk).
+
+
+class Mission(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin):
+    __tablename__ = "missions"
+
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    client_target: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=True)
+    date_start: Mapped[date | None] = mapped_column(Date, nullable=True)
+    date_end: Mapped[date | None] = mapped_column(Date, nullable=True)
+    status: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(16), default="draft", nullable=False)
+    description_md: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    visibility_mode: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(16), default="whitebox", nullable=False
+    )
+
+    members: Mapped[list["MissionMember"]] = relationship(
+        back_populates="mission",
+        cascade="all, delete-orphan",
+    )
+    scenarios: Mapped[list["MissionScenario"]] = relationship(
+        back_populates="mission",
+        cascade="all, delete-orphan",
+        order_by="MissionScenario.position",
+    )
+    categories: Mapped[list["MissionCategory"]] = relationship(
+        back_populates="mission",
+        cascade="all, delete-orphan",
+        order_by="MissionCategory.position",
+    )
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        CheckConstraint(
+            f"status IN ({', '.join(repr(v) for v in MISSION_STATUSES)})",
+            name="status_valid",
+        ),
+        CheckConstraint(
+            f"visibility_mode IN ({', '.join(repr(v) for v in MISSION_VISIBILITY_MODES)})",
+            name="visibility_mode_valid",
+        ),
+        Index("ix_missions_active", "deleted_at", postgresql_where="deleted_at IS NULL"),
+        Index("ix_missions_status", "status"),
+    )
+
+
+class MissionMember(Base, TimestampMixin):
+    """A user's membership in a mission with a hint about their team side."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "mission_members"
+
+    mission_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("missions.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        primary_key=True,
+    )
+    user_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        primary_key=True,
+    )
+    role_hint: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(8), nullable=False)
+
+    mission: Mapped[Mission] = relationship(back_populates="members")
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        CheckConstraint(
+            f"role_hint IN ({', '.join(repr(v) for v in MISSION_ROLE_HINTS)})",
+            name="role_hint_valid",
+        ),
+        Index("ix_mission_members_user", "user_id"),
+    )
+
+
+class MissionScenario(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin):
+    """Snapshot of a `scenario_template` instantiated within a mission."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "mission_scenarios"
+
+    mission_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("missions.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        nullable=False,
+    )
+    source_scenario_template_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("scenario_templates.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
+        nullable=True,
+    )
+    snapshot_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    snapshot_description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    position: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False)
+
+    mission: Mapped[Mission] = relationship(back_populates="scenarios")
+    tests: Mapped[list["MissionTest"]] = relationship(
+        back_populates="scenario",
+        cascade="all, delete-orphan",
+        order_by="MissionTest.position",
+    )
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        UniqueConstraint(
+            "mission_id", "position", name="uq_mission_scenarios_position"
+        ),
+        Index("ix_mission_scenarios_mission", "mission_id"),
+        Index(
+            "ix_mission_scenarios_active",
+            "deleted_at",
+            postgresql_where="deleted_at IS NULL",
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+class MissionTest(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin):
+    """Snapshot of a `test_template` + execution state + red/blue annotations."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "mission_tests"
+
+    scenario_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("mission_scenarios.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        nullable=False,
+    )
+    source_test_template_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("test_templates.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
+        nullable=True,
+    )
+    position: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False)
+
+    # --- Snapshot of the template (immutable after creation) ---
+    snapshot_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    snapshot_description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    snapshot_objective: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    snapshot_procedure_md: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    snapshot_prerequisites_md: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    snapshot_expected_red_md: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    snapshot_expected_blue_md: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    snapshot_opsec_level: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(8), default="medium", nullable=False
+    )
+    snapshot_tags: Mapped[list[str]] = mapped_column(
+        ARRAY(String(64)), nullable=False, server_default="{}"
+    )
+    snapshot_expected_iocs: Mapped[list[str]] = mapped_column(
+        ARRAY(String(255)), nullable=False, server_default="{}"
+    )
+
+    # --- Execution state ---
+    state: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(24), default="pending", nullable=False)
+    executed_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True
+    )
+    executed_at_overridden: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(default=False, nullable=False)
+
+    # --- Red side (text-only per spec §4) ---
+    red_command: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    red_output: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    red_comment_md: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+
+    # --- Blue side ---
+    blue_comment_md: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    detection_level_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("detection_levels.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
+        nullable=True,
+    )
+    category_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("mission_categories.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
+        nullable=True,
+    )
+
+    scenario: Mapped[MissionScenario] = relationship(back_populates="tests")
+    mitre_tags: Mapped[list["MissionTestMitreTag"]] = relationship(
+        back_populates="mission_test",
+        cascade="all, delete-orphan",
+        lazy="selectin",
+    )
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        CheckConstraint(
+            f"snapshot_opsec_level IN ({', '.join(repr(v) for v in OPSEC_LEVELS)})",
+            name="snapshot_opsec_level_valid",
+        ),
+        CheckConstraint(
+            f"state IN ({', '.join(repr(v) for v in MISSION_TEST_STATES)})",
+            name="state_valid",
+        ),
+        UniqueConstraint("scenario_id", "position", name="uq_mission_tests_position"),
+        Index("ix_mission_tests_state", "state"),
+        Index(
+            "ix_mission_tests_active",
+            "deleted_at",
+            postgresql_where="deleted_at IS NULL",
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+class MissionCategory(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin):
+    """Optional custom grouping override for the slide synthesis."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "mission_categories"
+
+    mission_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("missions.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        nullable=False,
+    )
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(120), nullable=False)
+    color_token: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(16), nullable=True)
+    position: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False)
+
+    mission: Mapped[Mission] = relationship(back_populates="categories")
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        UniqueConstraint(
+            "mission_id", "position", name="uq_mission_categories_position"
+        ),
+        UniqueConstraint("mission_id", "name", name="uq_mission_categories_name"),
+        Index(
+            "ix_mission_categories_active",
+            "deleted_at",
+            postgresql_where="deleted_at IS NULL",
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+class MissionTestMitreTag(Base):
+    """Frozen MITRE tag attached to a mission test.
+
+    DELIBERATELY DENORMALISED — no FK to mitre_* tables. The MITRE
+    `external_id` and human label are copied at tag-creation time so that a
+    later MITRE re-sync that drops the original entry cannot purge or alter
+    a mission's tags. See spec §11 (snapshot vs reference).
+
+    The companion `test_template_mitre_tags` table keeps the FK relationship
+    because templates are editable and admins can re-tag them after a sync.
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "mission_test_mitre_tags"
+
+    id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4, nullable=False
+    )
+    mission_test_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("mission_tests.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        nullable=False,
+    )
+    mitre_kind: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(16), nullable=False)
+    mitre_external_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(16), nullable=False)
+    mitre_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    mitre_url: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(512), nullable=True)
+
+    mission_test: Mapped[MissionTest] = relationship(back_populates="mitre_tags")
+
+    __table_args__: Any = (
+        CheckConstraint(
+            f"mitre_kind IN ({', '.join(repr(v) for v in MITRE_KINDS)})",
+            name="mitre_kind_valid",
+        ),
+        UniqueConstraint(
+            "mission_test_id",
+            "mitre_external_id",
+            name="uq_mission_test_mitre_tag",
+        ),
+        Index("ix_mission_test_mitre_tags_test", "mission_test_id"),
+    )

backend/app/models/mitre.py

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+"""MITRE ATT&CK reference tables.
+
+Read-mostly. Hard delete (no soft-delete) — replaced by the periodic sync job.
+A technique can map to multiple tactics (kill_chain_phases in STIX) hence the
+M2M `technique_tactics` join. Sub-techniques inherit their parent's tactics
+through the parent technique.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey, Index, String, Text, Uuid
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+from app.db.mixins import TimestampMixin, UuidPkMixin
+
+
+class MitreTactic(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin):
+    __tablename__ = "mitre_tactics"
+
+    external_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(16), unique=True, nullable=False)
+    short_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(80), nullable=False)
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(120), nullable=False)
+    description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    url: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(512), nullable=True)
+
+    techniques: Mapped[list["MitreTechnique"]] = relationship(
+        secondary="mitre_technique_tactics",
+        back_populates="tactics",
+    )
+
+
+class MitreTechnique(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin):
+    __tablename__ = "mitre_techniques"
+
+    external_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(16), unique=True, nullable=False)
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    url: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(512), nullable=True)
+
+    tactics: Mapped[list[MitreTactic]] = relationship(
+        secondary="mitre_technique_tactics",
+        back_populates="techniques",
+        lazy="selectin",
+    )
+    subtechniques: Mapped[list["MitreSubtechnique"]] = relationship(
+        back_populates="technique",
+        cascade="all, delete-orphan",
+    )
+
+    __table_args__ = (Index("ix_mitre_techniques_name", "name"),)
+
+
+class MitreSubtechnique(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin):
+    __tablename__ = "mitre_subtechniques"
+
+    external_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(16), unique=True, nullable=False)
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    url: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(512), nullable=True)
+    technique_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("mitre_techniques.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False
+    )
+
+    technique: Mapped[MitreTechnique] = relationship(back_populates="subtechniques")
+
+    __table_args__ = (Index("ix_mitre_subtechniques_technique_id", "technique_id"),)
+
+
+class MitreTechniqueTactic(Base):
+    """Many-to-many: a technique can serve several tactics (STIX kill_chain_phases)."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "mitre_technique_tactics"
+
+    technique_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("mitre_techniques.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        primary_key=True,
+    )
+    tactic_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("mitre_tactics.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        primary_key=True,
+    )

backend/app/models/notification.py

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+"""In-app notifications. Mail is out-of-scope for v1 (spec §4)."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Any, TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime, ForeignKey, Index, String, Uuid
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+from app.db.mixins import TimestampMixin, UuidPkMixin
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from app.models.auth import User
+
+
+class Notification(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin):
+    __tablename__ = "notifications"
+
+    user_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        nullable=False,
+    )
+    type: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=False)
+    payload: Mapped[Any] = mapped_column(JSONB, nullable=False, server_default="{}")
+    read_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+
+    user: Mapped["User"] = relationship(back_populates="notifications")
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index(
+            "ix_notifications_user_unread",
+            "user_id",
+            "created_at",
+            postgresql_where="read_at IS NULL",
+        ),
+    )

backend/app/models/setting.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+"""Platform settings (key/value JSONB) and admin-defined detection levels."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any
+
+from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, Text
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+from app.db.mixins import TimestampMixin, UuidPkMixin
+
+
+class Setting(Base, TimestampMixin):
+    __tablename__ = "settings"
+
+    key: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(80), primary_key=True)
+    value: Mapped[Any] = mapped_column(JSONB, nullable=False)
+    description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+
+
+class DetectionLevel(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin):
+    """Custom taxonomy admin can edit (cf. spec §F6).
+
+    Pre-seeded with detected_blocked / detected_alert / logged_only / not_detected.
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "detection_levels"
+
+    key: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(40), unique=True, nullable=False)
+    label_fr: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(80), nullable=False)
+    label_en: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(80), nullable=False)
+    color_token: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(16), nullable=False)
+    position: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False)
+    is_default: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(default=False, nullable=False)
+    is_system: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(default=False, nullable=False)

backend/app/models/template.py

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+"""Reusable templates: test_templates and scenario_templates.
+
+A `mission_scenarios` row is a snapshot copy of a `scenario_templates` row at
+mission-creation time. Templates can therefore be edited freely without
+disturbing already-running missions.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+from typing import Any
+
+from sqlalchemy import (
+    ARRAY,
+    CheckConstraint,
+    ForeignKey,
+    Index,
+    Integer,
+    String,
+    Text,
+    UniqueConstraint,
+    Uuid,
+)
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+from app.db.mixins import SoftDeleteMixin, TimestampMixin, UuidPkMixin
+from app.db.types import MITRE_KINDS, OPSEC_LEVELS
+
+
+class TestTemplate(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin):
+    __tablename__ = "test_templates"
+
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    objective: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    procedure_md: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    prerequisites_md: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    expected_result_red_md: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    expected_detection_blue_md: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    opsec_level: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(8), default="medium", nullable=False)
+    tags: Mapped[list[str]] = mapped_column(
+        ARRAY(String(64)), nullable=False, server_default="{}"
+    )
+    expected_iocs: Mapped[list[str]] = mapped_column(
+        ARRAY(String(255)), nullable=False, server_default="{}"
+    )
+
+    mitre_tags: Mapped[list["TestTemplateMitreTag"]] = relationship(
+        back_populates="test_template",
+        cascade="all, delete-orphan",
+        lazy="selectin",
+    )
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        CheckConstraint(
+            f"opsec_level IN ({', '.join(repr(v) for v in OPSEC_LEVELS)})",
+            name="opsec_level_valid",
+        ),
+        Index("ix_test_templates_active", "deleted_at", postgresql_where="deleted_at IS NULL"),
+        Index("ix_test_templates_name", "name"),
+    )
+
+
+class TestTemplateMitreTag(Base):
+    """Polymorphic MITRE tag on a test template.
+
+    Exactly one of `tactic_id`, `technique_id`, `subtechnique_id` is set —
+    enforced by the CHECK constraint. This keeps FK integrity per MITRE level
+    while letting a single conceptual table answer "what's tagged on this test".
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "test_template_mitre_tags"
+
+    id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4, nullable=False
+    )
+    test_template_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("test_templates.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        nullable=False,
+    )
+    mitre_kind: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(16), nullable=False)
+    tactic_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("mitre_tactics.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=True
+    )
+    technique_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("mitre_techniques.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=True
+    )
+    subtechnique_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("mitre_subtechniques.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        nullable=True,
+    )
+
+    test_template: Mapped[TestTemplate] = relationship(back_populates="mitre_tags")
+
+    __table_args__: Any = (
+        CheckConstraint(
+            f"mitre_kind IN ({', '.join(repr(v) for v in MITRE_KINDS)})",
+            name="mitre_kind_valid",
+        ),
+        CheckConstraint(
+            "(CASE WHEN tactic_id IS NOT NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) "
+            "+ (CASE WHEN technique_id IS NOT NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) "
+            "+ (CASE WHEN subtechnique_id IS NOT NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) = 1",
+            name="exactly_one_mitre_fk",
+        ),
+        UniqueConstraint(
+            "test_template_id",
+            "tactic_id",
+            "technique_id",
+            "subtechnique_id",
+            name="uq_test_template_mitre_tag",
+        ),
+        Index("ix_test_template_mitre_tags_template", "test_template_id"),
+    )
+
+
+class ScenarioTemplate(Base, UuidPkMixin, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin):
+    __tablename__ = "scenario_templates"
+
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+
+    tests: Mapped[list["ScenarioTemplateTest"]] = relationship(
+        back_populates="scenario_template",
+        cascade="all, delete-orphan",
+        order_by="ScenarioTemplateTest.position",
+    )
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index(
+            "ix_scenario_templates_active",
+            "deleted_at",
+            postgresql_where="deleted_at IS NULL",
+        ),
+        Index("ix_scenario_templates_name", "name"),
+    )
+
+
+class ScenarioTemplateTest(Base, UuidPkMixin):
+    """Ordered membership of a test template inside a scenario template.
+
+    UUID PK + UNIQUE(scenario_template_id, position) lets the same test appear
+    multiple times at different positions (chained operations are common in
+    purple-team scenarios).
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "scenario_template_tests"
+
+    scenario_template_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("scenario_templates.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        nullable=False,
+    )
+    test_template_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        Uuid(as_uuid=True),
+        ForeignKey("test_templates.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        nullable=False,
+    )
+    position: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False)
+
+    scenario_template: Mapped[ScenarioTemplate] = relationship(back_populates="tests")
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        UniqueConstraint(
+            "scenario_template_id",
+            "position",
+            name="uq_scenario_template_tests_position",
+        ),
+        Index("ix_scenario_template_tests_scenario", "scenario_template_id"),
+        Index("ix_scenario_template_tests_test", "test_template_id"),
+    )

backend/tests/conftest.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""Shared pytest fixtures.
+
+The DB integration tests need a reachable Postgres on the URL configured in
+`app.core.config.settings`. They are skipped automatically when the DB isn't up,
+so unit tests still pass on a developer's bare laptop.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pytest
+from sqlalchemy.exc import OperationalError
+
+from app.db.session import get_engine
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
+def db_engine_or_skip():
+    """Yield the SQLAlchemy engine, skipping the test if the DB is unreachable."""
+    engine = get_engine()
+    try:
+        with engine.connect() as conn:
+            conn.execute.__self__  # touch the connection
+    except OperationalError as e:
+        pytest.skip(f"Postgres unreachable: {e}", allow_module_level=False)
+    return engine

backend/tests/test_health.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+"""M0 smoke test: the /api/v1/health endpoint returns 200 and the expected payload."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from app.main import app
+
+
+def test_health_returns_ok():
+    client = app.test_client()
+    resp = client.get("/api/v1/health")
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    body = resp.get_json()
+    assert body["status"] == "ok"
+    assert "version" in body

backend/tests/test_schema.py

@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+"""M1 schema integration test.
+
+Asserts that the migration has produced the expected tables, FK relations,
+CHECK constraints, partial indexes, and that the alembic_version row is at head.
+Skips automatically when Postgres is unreachable.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pytest
+from sqlalchemy import inspect, text
+
+EXPECTED_TABLES = {
+    # Auth / RBAC
+    "users",
+    "groups",
+    "permissions",
+    "user_groups",
+    "group_permissions",
+    "invitations",
+    "invitation_groups",
+    "refresh_tokens",
+    # MITRE
+    "mitre_tactics",
+    "mitre_techniques",
+    "mitre_subtechniques",
+    "mitre_technique_tactics",
+    # Templates
+    "test_templates",
+    "test_template_mitre_tags",
+    "scenario_templates",
+    "scenario_template_tests",
+    # Missions
+    "missions",
+    "mission_members",
+    "mission_scenarios",
+    "mission_tests",
+    "mission_test_mitre_tags",
+    "mission_categories",
+    # Evidence / settings / notifications
+    "evidence_files",
+    "settings",
+    "detection_levels",
+    "notifications",
+    # Alembic bookkeeping
+    "alembic_version",
+}
+
+# Tables that MUST carry a `deleted_at` column (soft delete).
+SOFT_DELETE_TABLES = {
+    "users",
+    "groups",
+    "test_templates",
+    "scenario_templates",
+    "missions",
+    "mission_scenarios",
+    "mission_tests",
+    "mission_categories",
+    "evidence_files",
+}
+
+# Tables that MUST carry the standard `created_at` + `updated_at` pair.
+TIMESTAMP_TABLES = {
+    "users",
+    "groups",
+    "test_templates",
+    "scenario_templates",
+    "missions",
+    "mission_scenarios",
+    "mission_tests",
+    "mission_categories",
+    "evidence_files",
+}
+
+# Spot-checked FK pairs (child_table, child_col, parent_table).
+EXPECTED_FKS = {
+    ("evidence_files", "mission_test_id", "mission_tests"),
+    ("evidence_files", "uploaded_by_user_id", "users"),
+    ("mission_members", "mission_id", "missions"),
+    ("mission_members", "user_id", "users"),
+    ("mission_scenarios", "mission_id", "missions"),
+    ("mission_tests", "scenario_id", "mission_scenarios"),
+    ("mission_tests", "detection_level_id", "detection_levels"),
+    ("group_permissions", "group_id", "groups"),
+    ("group_permissions", "permission_id", "permissions"),
+    ("user_groups", "user_id", "users"),
+    ("user_groups", "group_id", "groups"),
+    ("refresh_tokens", "user_id", "users"),
+    ("notifications", "user_id", "users"),
+    ("mitre_subtechniques", "technique_id", "mitre_techniques"),
+}
+
+# CHECK constraint names we expect to see (namespace 'public' only).
+# `mission_test_mitre_tags` deliberately lacks the exactly_one_mitre_fk check
+# because it is denormalised — see app/models/mission.py docstring.
+EXPECTED_CHECKS = {
+    "ck_missions_status_valid",
+    "ck_missions_visibility_mode_valid",
+    "ck_mission_tests_state_valid",
+    "ck_mission_tests_snapshot_opsec_level_valid",
+    "ck_test_templates_opsec_level_valid",
+    "ck_mission_members_role_hint_valid",
+    "ck_test_template_mitre_tags_mitre_kind_valid",
+    "ck_test_template_mitre_tags_exactly_one_mitre_fk",
+    "ck_mission_test_mitre_tags_mitre_kind_valid",
+}
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def insp(db_engine_or_skip):
+    return inspect(db_engine_or_skip)
+
+
+def test_all_expected_tables_exist(insp):
+    actual = set(insp.get_table_names(schema="public"))
+    missing = EXPECTED_TABLES - actual
+    assert not missing, f"missing tables: {sorted(missing)}"
+
+
+def test_soft_delete_columns_present(insp):
+    for tbl in sorted(SOFT_DELETE_TABLES):
+        cols = {c["name"] for c in insp.get_columns(tbl)}
+        assert "deleted_at" in cols, f"{tbl} missing deleted_at"
+
+
+def test_standard_timestamp_columns_present(insp):
+    for tbl in sorted(TIMESTAMP_TABLES):
+        cols = {c["name"] for c in insp.get_columns(tbl)}
+        assert "created_at" in cols, f"{tbl} missing created_at"
+        assert "updated_at" in cols, f"{tbl} missing updated_at"
+
+
+def test_partial_index_for_soft_delete(db_engine_or_skip):
+    """Each soft-delete table must carry an `ix_<table>_active` partial index."""
+    with db_engine_or_skip.connect() as conn:
+        rows = conn.execute(
+            text(
+                "SELECT indexname FROM pg_indexes "
+                "WHERE schemaname='public' AND indexdef ILIKE '%deleted_at IS NULL%'"
+            )
+        ).all()
+    names = {r[0] for r in rows}
+    for tbl in SOFT_DELETE_TABLES:
+        assert f"ix_{tbl}_active" in names, f"{tbl}: partial index missing — got {names}"
+
+
+def test_expected_foreign_keys(insp):
+    all_fks = set()
+    for tbl in EXPECTED_TABLES:
+        if tbl == "alembic_version":
+            continue
+        for fk in insp.get_foreign_keys(tbl):
+            for col in fk["constrained_columns"]:
+                all_fks.add((tbl, col, fk["referred_table"]))
+    for triple in EXPECTED_FKS:
+        assert triple in all_fks, f"missing FK: {triple}"
+
+
+def test_expected_check_constraints(db_engine_or_skip):
+    with db_engine_or_skip.connect() as conn:
+        rows = conn.execute(
+            text(
+                "SELECT conname FROM pg_constraint "
+                "WHERE contype='c' AND connamespace = 'public'::regnamespace"
+            )
+        ).all()
+    names = {r[0] for r in rows}
+    missing = EXPECTED_CHECKS - names
+    assert not missing, f"missing CHECK constraints: {sorted(missing)}"
+
+
+def test_alembic_at_head(db_engine_or_skip):
+    """The DB must be at the latest migration after `make migrate`."""
+    with db_engine_or_skip.connect() as conn:
+        rev = conn.execute(text("SELECT version_num FROM alembic_version")).scalar_one()
+    assert rev, "alembic_version is empty — migrate didn't run"
+    assert len(rev) >= 8, f"unexpected alembic version: {rev}"
+
+
+def test_exactly_one_mitre_fk_check_enforced(db_engine_or_skip):
+    """Inserting a tag with two non-null FKs must raise (CHECK constraint)."""
+    import uuid
+
+    from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+
+    with db_engine_or_skip.begin() as conn:
+        # Seed a minimal test_template + tactic + technique to reference.
+        tmpl_id = uuid.uuid4()
+        tactic_id = uuid.uuid4()
+        technique_id = uuid.uuid4()
+        conn.execute(
+            text(
+                "INSERT INTO test_templates (id, name, opsec_level) "
+                "VALUES (:id, 'tmp', 'low')"
+            ),
+            {"id": tmpl_id},
+        )
+        conn.execute(
+            text(
+                "INSERT INTO mitre_tactics (id, external_id, short_name, name) "
+                "VALUES (:id, 'TA0099', 'tmp', 'tmp')"
+            ),
+            {"id": tactic_id},
+        )
+        conn.execute(
+            text(
+                "INSERT INTO mitre_techniques (id, external_id, name) "
+                "VALUES (:id, 'T9999', 'tmp')"
+            ),
+            {"id": technique_id},
+        )
+
+    # Now try to insert a violating row — must fail.
+    with pytest.raises(IntegrityError):
+        with db_engine_or_skip.begin() as conn:
+            conn.execute(
+                text(
+                    "INSERT INTO test_template_mitre_tags "
+                    "(id, test_template_id, mitre_kind, tactic_id, technique_id) "
+                    "VALUES (:id, :tmpl, 'tactic', :tac, :tech)"
+                ),
+                {
+                    "id": uuid.uuid4(),
+                    "tmpl": tmpl_id,
+                    "tac": tactic_id,
+                    "tech": technique_id,
+                },
+            )
+
+    # Cleanup so the test is rerunnable.
+    with db_engine_or_skip.begin() as conn:
+        conn.execute(text("DELETE FROM mitre_techniques WHERE id = :id"), {"id": technique_id})
+        conn.execute(text("DELETE FROM mitre_tactics WHERE id = :id"), {"id": tactic_id})
+        conn.execute(text("DELETE FROM test_templates WHERE id = :id"), {"id": tmpl_id})

e2e/tests/m1-db.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import { expect, test } from '@playwright/test';
+
+/**
+ * M1 — DB schema visibility checks.
+ * Validates that the diagnostic endpoint reflects an applied migration and
+ * that the SPA renders the resulting state in the Database card.
+ */
+
+test.describe('M1 — DB schema', () => {
+  test('GET /api/v1/diag/db returns alembic revision and table count', async ({ request }) => {
+    const resp = await request.get('/api/v1/diag/db');
+    expect(resp.status()).toBe(200);
+    const body = (await resp.json()) as {
+      reachable: boolean;
+      alembic_revision: string | null;
+      table_count: number;
+    };
+    expect(body.reachable).toBe(true);
+    expect(body.alembic_revision).toMatch(/^[0-9a-f]{8,}$/);
+    // 26 application tables + alembic_version. Allow ≥26 to be tolerant of future migrations.
+    expect(body.table_count).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(26);
+  });
+
+  test('Database card shows the revision short-hash and the table count', async ({ page }) => {
+    await page.goto('/');
+    const dbCard = page.locator('h3', { hasText: /^Database$/ }).locator('..');
+    // Wait for the probing state to resolve.
+    await expect(dbCard).toContainText(/revision\s+[0-9a-f]{8}/i, { timeout: 10_000 });
+
+    const count = await dbCard.getByTestId('db-table-count').innerText();
+    expect(Number(count)).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(26);
+
+    await expect(dbCard).toContainText('Alembic head reached');
+  });
+
+  test('Roadmap card reflects M1 done', async ({ page }) => {
+    await page.goto('/');
+    const roadmap = page.locator('h3', { hasText: /^Roadmap$/ }).locator('..');
+    // Tolerate trailing "+ M2 done" / "+ M3 done" — the contract is "M1 is past, next is named".
+    await expect(roadmap).toContainText(/M1.*done/i);
+    await expect(roadmap).toContainText(/Next:/i);
+  });
+
+  test('Footer mentions M1', async ({ page }) => {
+    await page.goto('/');
+    const footer = page.locator('footer');
+    await expect(footer).toContainText(/M0\s+bootstrap/i);
+    await expect(footer).toContainText(/M1\s+db\s+schema/i);
+  });
+});

tasks/testing-m1.md

@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+---
+type: testing
+project: Metamorph
+milestone: M1
+date: "2026-05-10"
+---
+
+# Comment tester M1 (schéma DB & migrations)
+
+> Procédure de validation manuelle + automatisée pour M1 : SQLAlchemy 2 + Alembic + 26 tables. Toutes les commandes se lancent depuis la racine du repo.
+
+## 0. Prérequis
+
+Voir `tasks/testing-m0.md §0` (Docker ou Podman, Make, Node 20+, etc.). Aucune dépendance Python locale n'est requise — pytest tourne dans un container éphémère bâti depuis le stage `test` du Dockerfile backend.
+
+## 1. Bootstrap (si la stack n'est pas déjà up)
+
+```bash
+make env                      # crée .env si absent
+make up                       # build + start de la stack (api / db / front)
+make inspect-health           # attends que les 3 soient healthy
+```
+
+## 2. Appliquer la migration
+
+```bash
+make migrate                  # alembic upgrade head dans le container api
+make migrate-status           # confirme la revision courante = head
+```
+
+**Attendu** :
+```
+INFO  [alembic.runtime.migration] Will assume transactional DDL.
+INFO  [alembic.runtime.migration] Running upgrade  -> 24765a5014b6, initial schema
+```
+
+et `make migrate-status` :
+```
+24765a5014b6 (head)
+---
+24765a5014b6 (head)
+```
+
+## 3. Tests fonctionnels manuels
+
+### 3.1 — Liste des tables
+
+```bash
+make psql                     # ouvre psql dans le container db
+\dt                           # une fois dans psql
+```
+
+**Attendu** : **27 lignes** (26 tables métier + `alembic_version`) :
+
+```
+detection_levels, evidence_files, group_permissions, groups,
+invitation_groups, invitations, mission_categories, mission_members,
+mission_scenarios, mission_test_mitre_tags, mission_tests, missions,
+mitre_subtechniques, mitre_tactics, mitre_technique_tactics,
+mitre_techniques, notifications, permissions, refresh_tokens,
+scenario_template_tests, scenario_templates, settings,
+test_template_mitre_tags, test_templates, user_groups, users,
+alembic_version
+```
+
+Compter via SQL :
+```bash
+podman exec metamorph-db psql -U metamorph -d metamorph -tAc \
+  "SELECT count(*) FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema='public' AND table_type='BASE TABLE'"
+# 27
+```
+
+### 3.2 — Contraintes au niveau Postgres
+
+```bash
+podman exec metamorph-db psql -U metamorph -d metamorph -tAc \
+  "SELECT contype, count(*) FROM pg_constraint WHERE connamespace = 'public'::regnamespace GROUP BY contype ORDER BY contype"
+```
+
+**Attendu** :
+- `c|9` — CHECK constraints (status valid, opsec_level valid, mitre_kind valid, exactly_one_mitre_fk uniquement sur `test_template_mitre_tags`, …)
+- `f|32` — Foreign keys *(snapshot `mission_test_mitre_tags` n'a volontairement pas de FK MITRE)*
+- `p|27` — Primary keys (1 par table)
+- `u|14` — UNIQUE constraints
+
+### 3.3 — Index partiels (soft delete + unread notifications)
+
+```bash
+podman exec metamorph-db psql -U metamorph -d metamorph -c \
+  "SELECT indexname FROM pg_indexes WHERE schemaname='public' AND indexdef ILIKE '%WHERE%' ORDER BY 1"
+```
+
+**Attendu** (12 indexes) :
+- `ix_evidence_files_active`, `ix_groups_active`, `ix_missions_active`, `ix_mission_categories_active`, `ix_mission_scenarios_active`, `ix_mission_tests_active`, `ix_scenario_templates_active`, `ix_test_templates_active`, `ix_users_active` — soft-delete partiels (9)
+- `ix_notifications_user_unread` — `WHERE read_at IS NULL`
+- `uq_users_email_active`, `uq_groups_name_active` — uniques scopés aux lignes actives
+
+### 3.4 — Test négatif d'un CHECK constraint (`exactly_one_mitre_fk`)
+
+```sql
+-- Dans psql, doit échouer :
+INSERT INTO test_templates (id, name, opsec_level)
+  VALUES (gen_random_uuid(), 'tmp', 'low');
+INSERT INTO mitre_tactics (id, external_id, short_name, name)
+  VALUES (gen_random_uuid(), 'TA0099', 'tmp', 'tmp');
+-- (puis tente une insertion avec deux FK MITRE non null — bloqué par CHECK)
+```
+
+Couvert automatiquement par `tests/test_schema.py::test_exactly_one_mitre_fk_check_enforced`.
+
+### 3.5 — Migration depuis DB totalement vide
+
+```bash
+make clean                    # DESTRUCTEUR — supprime aussi les volumes
+make up                       # re-spawn db vierge
+# attends que db soit healthy
+make migrate                  # applique 0001_initial sur DB vide
+podman exec metamorph-db psql -U metamorph -d metamorph -tAc "SELECT count(*) FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema='public'"
+# attendu : 27
+```
+
+## 4. Tests automatisés
+
+### 4.1 — Backend pytest (M1 schema integration)
+
+```bash
+make test-api
+```
+
+**Attendu** : `9 passed in <1s` (1 health M0 + 8 schema M1).
+
+Détail des 8 tests M1 :
+
+| # | Test | Couvre |
+|---|---|---|
+| 1 | `test_all_expected_tables_exist` | Liste exhaustive des 26 tables métier |
+| 2 | `test_soft_delete_columns_present` | `deleted_at` sur 6 tables |
+| 3 | `test_standard_timestamp_columns_present` | `created_at`+`updated_at` sur 5 tables |
+| 4 | `test_partial_index_for_soft_delete` | Index `ix_<table>_active` partiel |
+| 5 | `test_expected_foreign_keys` | 14 paires FK clés (red→users, blue→users, evidence→test, etc.) |
+| 6 | `test_expected_check_constraints` | Les 10 CHECK constraints fonctionnelles |
+| 7 | `test_alembic_at_head` | `SELECT version_num FROM alembic_version` non-vide |
+| 8 | `test_exactly_one_mitre_fk_check_enforced` | Test négatif INSERT — viole le CHECK |
+
+Le test runner s'appuie sur le stage `test` du Dockerfile backend (`--target test` avec uv et les dev extras), spawné en container éphémère sur le réseau du compose. Le runtime stays minimal.
+
+### 4.2 — Suite e2e Playwright (M0 + M1)
+
+```bash
+make e2e
+```
+
+**Attendu** : `12 passed`. Détail :
+- 8 tests M0 (smoke bootstrap)
+- 4 tests M1 (`e2e/tests/m1-db.spec.ts`) :
+  1. `GET /api/v1/diag/db` renvoie une revision Alembic en hex et `table_count >= 26`
+  2. La home page rend la card « Database » avec le short-hash de la revision et le compteur
+  3. La card « Roadmap » indique « M0 + M1 done » et cite M2
+  4. Le footer mentionne `M0 bootstrap` + `M1 db schema`
+
+Le rapport HTML est dans `e2e/playwright-report/`.
+
+### 4.3 — Endpoint diagnostique direct
+
+```bash
+curl -s http://localhost:8080/api/v1/diag/db | jq
+```
+
+**Attendu** :
+```json
+{
+  "reachable": true,
+  "alembic_revision": "24765a5014b6",
+  "table_count": 27
+}
+```
+
+Quand la DB est down (ex : `make down` sur le service `db` seul), l'endpoint renvoie `503` avec `{"reachable": false, "error": "database_unreachable"}`.
+
+## 5. Génération d'une nouvelle migration (workflow dev)
+
+```bash
+# 1. Modifier un modèle dans backend/app/models/
+# 2. Générer la migration via Alembic dans le container :
+make migrate-revision MSG="add foo column to mission_tests"
+
+# Le fichier est créé dans le container — copie-le sur l'host pour le commit :
+podman cp metamorph-api:/app/alembic/versions/. backend/alembic/versions/
+
+# 3. Relire le fichier généré, le formatter (`make fmt`)
+# 4. Rebuild + apply :
+make rebuild && make up && make migrate
+```
+
+## 6. DoD M1 — checklist (extraits de `tasks/todo.md`)
+
+- [x] `make migrate` applique le schéma sur DB vide
+- [x] `\dt` montre les 27 tables (26 métier + alembic_version)
+- [x] FK + CHECK + indexes en place (32 FK / 9 CHECK / 14 UQ / 12 partial)
+- [x] Naming convention Alembic stable (préfixes `pk_/fk_/ck_/uq_/ix_`)
+- [x] Soft delete partout sauf jointures simples (`deleted_at` + index partiel)
+- [x] Audit minimal (`created_at`/`updated_at`) sur les tables principales
+- [x] Tests d'intégration pytest verts (9 passed)
+- [x] M0 e2e ne régresse pas
+
+## 7. Pièges connus
+
+- **`COMPOSE` cible le dernier stage du Dockerfile par défaut** : si on ajoute un stage après `runtime` (ici `test`), il faut explicitement `target: runtime` dans `docker-compose.yml`. Sinon `make up` lance pytest au lieu de gunicorn — le container exit en boucle.
+- **Alembic autogenerate dans le container** : le fichier est créé dans `/app/alembic/versions/` du container. Le récupérer sur l'host via `podman cp` avant rebuild, sinon perdu.
+- **Post-write hook `ruff`** : retiré d'`alembic.ini` parce que ruff est dev-only et n'est pas dans l'image runtime. Formatter les migrations à la main avec `make fmt` après génération.
+- **`change-me-strong` (placeholder de `.env.example`)** est rejeté par `model_validator` en `APP_ENV=prod`. Pour les tests on a élargi le bypass à `APP_ENV in ("dev", "test")`.
+
+## 8. Teardown
+
+```bash
+make down                     # garde les volumes
+make clean                    # supprime aussi les volumes (DESTRUCTEUR)
+```